Anxiety Disorders And Its Effects On Children - 2056 Words

Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illnesses that affect children and the amount of children affected by this mental illness has increased considerably in the past century. However, the amount of children that actually get treatment is drastically low, leaving children to deal with their fears and worries by themselves. The children who deal with anxiety are overcome with fear and worry and are constantly dismissed as acting out for attention because people are unaware of how serious anxiety can affect children. Anxiety plagues children and can affect them for their entire life if not treated and in order to make sure these suffering children get the care they need their needs to be more emphasis on anxiety disorders. Childhood anxiety disorders affect the child and the people involved in the child’s life, yet there is not enough treatment or awareness in today’s society. There are many different types of anxiety disorders that affect children including; selec tive mutism, separation anxiety, social anxiety, panic disorder, generalized anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorder, posttraumatic stress disorder, and specific phobias. Selective mutism is an anxiety disorder that makes the child incapable of talking in certain situations, such as school or social activities, due to a fear of talking and socializing. This specific disorder is associated with social anxiety because the child usually has a social phobia, although the exact cause why the child does not speakShow MoreRelatedAnxiety Disorders And Its Effects On Children And Adolescents843 Words   |  4 PagesAnxiety Disorders are a common phenomenon in children and adolescents. Research studies have identified both a biological and environment bases as well as the interplay between risks and protective factors determine the development of anxiety disorders. It is relevant that intervention strategies are research-based, as this will ensure the implementation of effective treatment p lans. Because of managed care enterprises, it is essential that intervention strategies utilized are researching-founded;Read MoreAnxiety Disorders And Its Effects On Children s Life1922 Words   |  8 Pagesmatter of worry: an anxiety disorder. As the mental development that takes place in the early years of life are pivotal to the rest of one’s overall health, issues such as anxiety disorders that are left untreated are very detrimental and can trail into adulthood as well (Children’s Mental Health - New Report). It is important for parents and guardians to be involved in their child’s life so that they are able to recognize a severe shift in the perfectly normal, and beneficial, anxiety felt in one’s youngerRead MoreLong Term Effects of Childhood Separation Anxiety1230 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Long-Term Effects of Childhood Separation Anxiety Abstract This report delves into the connection between childhood separation anxiety disorder and the long-term implications that it may have. To understand the connections I preformed secondary research through â€Å"Academic Search Complete†. I found that childhood separation anxiety disorder is connected with serious mental disorders, such as anorexia, bulimia, social phobias, depression, and behavior disorders. Many studies have shown that childhoodRead MoreAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ( Adhd )1734 Words   |  7 Pagesissue amongst children and young adults. The physical health and the ability to perform at school, work and in society, highly depend on the mental health of an individual (Ollendick 2012). The Australian figures of a burden of the disease show that mental health problems occur in approximately 14% of young people aged 4–17 years, and 27 % in the 18–24-year-old age range. Most mental disorders, for example, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD), anxiety disorder, mood disorder, psychotic disorderRead MoreThe Quality Of The Two Programs For An Evaluation938 Words   |  4 Pagesresearched in this assignment are Children’s Anxiety Treatment with cognitive-behavioral therapy (individual and family modality), and Adult Opiate Abuse Treatment with buprenorphine and naltrexone. These studies have shown the effects of different treatments which involves buprenorphine and naltrexone formulations for relapse prevention and detoxified opioid addicts. Research on cognitive behavioural therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety is suggested to be based on sound theoreticalRead MoreThe Efficacy And Effectiveness Of Social Anxiety790 Words   |  4 Pagesincreasing number of studies have been investigating the effects of modifying conventional CBT approaches by either reducing the number of sessions or shortening the time period across which the sessions are delivered. Early studies sought to establish whether brief, intensive CBT is effective for the treatment of youth anxiety by comparing brief, intensive CBT to a waitlist control. A 2013 study evaluated whether CBT interventions for social anxiety in girls can be administered as effectively in a oneRead MoreStuttering Is A Communication Disorder That Involuntary Effects The Fluency Of Speech1479 Words   |  6 PagesStuttering Stuttering is a communication disorder that involuntary effects the fluency of speech. Disfluencies in speech include both â€Å"nonstuttered† and â€Å"stuttered† disfluencies. â€Å"Nonstuttered† disfluencies include interjections, revisions, phrase repetitions, and other. Everyone produces disfluencies in their speech at times making â€Å"nonstuttered† disfluencies more typical in speech. â€Å"Stuttered† disfluencies are less typical and include word repetitions, sound/syllable repetitions, prolongationsRead MoreThe Intervention Program Is A Treatment Intervention1483 Words   |  6 Pagesprogram is a treatment intervention. With anxiety disorder, it is better to have treated the disorder rather than prevent it. Through treatment and intervention, the child with anxiety disorder will be able to overcome future struggles and stress. Even though prevention program is designed to prevent anxiety disorder to occur, anxiety disorder has several fac tors and causes, which makes it extremely difficult to cover all the vulnerabilities of anxiety disorder. Biological, psychological, and socialRead MoreSeparation Anxiety : A Type Of An Attachment Disorder1232 Words   |  5 PagesNo one is perfectly healthy. In today’s society, many people suffer from some type of disorders. Separation anxiety is one of them. According to the www.attachment.org website, â€Å"this disorder is a type of an attachment disorder that is usually observed by young children, who feel they are getting lack of affection and attention from parents or their caregivers due to separation.† I believe that many people feel unsafe being alone and they are afraid to be alone. However, due to inescapable situationRead MoreAutism Spectrum Disorder ( Asd )1569 Words   |  7 Pagesfor autism spectrum disorder (ASD) occur has seen a dramatic growth in numbers. With diagnoses for ASD increasing, more siblings are also being found to have grown up with a sister or brother with autism spectrum disorder. Previous studies have shown no consensus on whether or not siblings of persons with ASD are at risk for negative effects. However, patterns of anxiety among these siblings are being examined to see if characteristics of a child with autism spectrum disorder and their parents can

Women and Art Free Essays

All art is political. Every slap of paint on canvass, every sculpture, every graffiti, drawing, and so on is a product of another individual’s particular sentiment, ideology and persuasion. Every work serves as an arbitrary reflection or extension of the artist or individual who created it. We will write a custom essay sample on Women and Art or any similar topic only for you Order Now All art is able to evoke and communicate the aforementioned ideology and persuasion of its artist, whether or not the artist in question explicitly intended to do so. As far as the politics of art and conveying meanings and messages are concerned, however, women, it would appear, are often on the receiving end of conceptual constructions or deconstructions, and general influences necessarily afforded by society, culture, and art. And no art form is capable of eliciting the most influence and affecting generally accepted social constructs and norms, than that of advertising. Of course, while most hardly regard advertising as an art form, but instead a field or medium which peddles products and ideologies through art, which is one aspect of it; the manner by which advertising makes use of art is perhaps, to a certain convoluted degree, one of the most crude but simultaneously honest as well. Honest because its audience, or the general public on the receiving end of such art are aware of its intentions, aware of its function to peddle or sell whatever product, philosophy or worldview they are tasked to peddle at the moment. Unfortunately, this awareness doesn’t always translate to lack of vulnerability and unaffectedness on people’s part. As previously mentioned, women are often on the receiving end of influences and constructs, as far as characteristics, roles, and unavoidably, stereotypes of the supposed weaker sex are concerned. In recent years, the prescribed image of what a woman is: how she should look, should feel, should think, should necessarily conduct, behave, engage, and apply herself within the family, other social institutions, and society at large is greatly dictated and shaped by commercial advertisements present in television, the radio, magazines, the internet, newspapers, and virtually the whole of mass media. While the stereotypical view that women are generally emotional and fragile has ceased to become breaking news, similar concepts and standards of what a woman is persists through commercial advertisements. Advertisements which define women based on her physical parts, as opposed to her ideas, convictions, what she has the capacity for, and what she can actually do, how she works, and a myriad other things which comprise her as a human being. In commercial ads for clothes, perfumes, accessories, and so on, for instance, the aesthetic is given the highest regard, and women are reduced to the crudeness of waist lines, bust sizes, and weight, among other things. While one could argue that the opposite sex are also on the receiving end of such attacks on identity and gender, and that the same premise applies to men; the prescribed standards and social constructs on women are far more predominant and palpable as evident in every magazine cover, billboard, and television commercial which runs in public view on a daily basis. It also appears especially and particularly evident in the images which follow, images which appear in public view across the globe under the heading of advertising. It doesn’t take a radical feminist perspective to realize and be conscious of the reality that something is infinitely wrong and contrived with the way women are being defined and depicted in advertising. Advertising not only coaxes peple into buying prodcuts they supposedly need, it also influences and conditions views regarding normalcy and what should and should not be deemed acceptable, in terms of how people should look, think, and behave in society. Women in turn, are encouraged, if not obliged to be beautiful, to assume the â€Å"responsibility† of being aesthetically pleasing by losing weight, having smooth skin, full lips, big breasts, however fake or artificial, in order to fit into the mold of what advertising deems â€Å"beautiful,† which every â€Å"normal† woman is expected to assume and become. Both the stereotypical domestic housewife and working career woman are affected and subjected to society’s concept of the ideal woman. Despite the manner by which some form of art, mainly photography in advertising, affords a view of women which serves to demean and disparage them, there exists other art forms which depart, if not, largely contradict the contrived ideology and perspective that was previously discussed concerning women. Such opposite, and perhaps, positive constructs and view on women are evident in the philosophy and art of Barbara Kruger. The American artist famous for her conceptual art which weaves and incorporates words and images together in seeming subversive and opinionated collages affords individuals who view her art, a refreshing perspective on relevant social constructs which affect every individual. Kruger’s art interestingly comes across as the negation of commercial advertising. What she evokes and communicates through her art is the presence of social constructs which exists and abounds inescapably in the society we live in and belong to. Kruger presents these constructs and creates satirical or mock interpretations of the realities which every individual is immersed in. Kruger’s perspective on what constitutes a woman is made evident in her collages and illustrations which depict women, for instance, incapacitated by pins stuck across their body, concluded by an ironic message written in bold text in the middle of the illustration which pronounces, â€Å"We have received orders not to move† (Untitled 1982). And another of a woman’s face split vertically in two parts, one perfectly distinct and ideal, and the other muted in negative art, aptly entitled, â€Å"Your Body Is A Battleground. † Kruger’s photographs and illustrations present social constructs in a tone and platform which effectively conveys her aim to deconstruct them. The manner by which Barbara Kruger’s art differs from that which is presented in advertising exists in the reality that Kruger, as an artist, and as a woman is communicating and expressing an extension of herself, her ideals and perspective on women and how they are portrayed are translated into the aforementioned art forms, whereas commercial advertisements are products of a market which intends to peddle an â€Å"ideal† version of women, one which exists as a facade, and in less organic and realistic forms. Ultimately, as Barbara Kruger has already aptly put it, every woman’s body is a battleground, women should not only be aware of the roles, standards and definitions being set regarding who or what a woman should be, but also take necessary steps in challenging and breaking free from these constructs. If not for every woman’s sake, then for individuality, and the preservation of it. How to cite Women and Art, Papers

Systematically Quote Pricing Goods Services â€Myasignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Systematically Quote Pricing Goods Services? Answer: Introduction: Globalization has improved the ways in which economic transaction takes place throughout the world by promoting more of international trade. Along with advancement in trade came the need to systematically quote pricing of goods and services. The concept of elasticity has helped the businessmen in doing so. International trade gave rise to the concept of absolute advantage and comparative advantage (Helpman Razin, 2014). The theory as put forwarded by Adam Smith talks about the deciding factor based on which any country chooses to produce goods and services. Here the concept of price elasticity and different types of advantages has been elucidated to answer the given question. Price of goods based on Price Elasticity of Demand Price elasticity of demand shows the changes in the demand of any goods and services due to the change in the price of the same, ceteris parebus. It is measured as the ratio of percentage changes of demanded quantity to that of price (Pigou, 2013). If the numerical value is greater than 1, then the good is price elastic in nature and if it is lesser than 1, it is inelastic. Price Quantity Elasticity = Elasticity = 1 Elasticity = 0 Figure 1: Price Elasticity of Demand Source: Created by the Author In the above figure the price elasticity has been shown. The point where elasticity is 0, the demand for goods does not depend on the price and the point where elasticity is , the demand fluctuates to a great level with minute change in price. The main motive of any producer is to maximize their revenue either by increasing the price or by increasing the quantity sold. If the good is necessary goods with no or very few substitute then increasing the price will not make a huge difference in the quantity purchased thereby maximizing the revenue (Mankiw, 2014). In other words, when demand is inelastic, the producer can quote higher price to maximize their revenue. On other hand, if the goods sold has easily available substitutes or is of luxurious type, then change in price will greatly affect the change in quantity demanded. In such a case the producer tries to keep price low so as to attract customer base towards their products and maximize profit through an increase in sales volume. Absolute versus Comparative Advantage The primary difference between absolute advantage and comparative advantage is that the former highlights the ability of a nation to produce goods and services at lower per unit cost than its competing nation. The later highlights a nations ability to carry on their production at lower opportunity cost. Another difference between these two concepts is that absolute advantage is beneficial for one trading partner and often nation might not be benefitted. Comparative advantage on other hand is mutually beneficial for both the nation engaged in international trade (Gopinath, Helpman, Rogoff, 2014). The example below illustrates the difference further: Country Trucks produced per day Cars produced per day India 3 3 United States 2 1 In the table above it can be seen that India has absolute advantage in producing both trucks (as 3 2) and cars (as 3 1). But if the opportunity cost is calculated, Country Truck Cars India 1 Car 1 Truck United States 0.5 Car 2 Truck Here it is seen that India has lower opportunity cost in producing Car than U.S. (as 1 2). On other hand U.S. has lower opportunity cost in producing trucks (as 0.5 1). Hence, if trade takes place, India would choose to produce cars and U.S. would produce trucks. Conclusion: The two different concepts briefly discussed above gives us only a glimpse of the ways in which interaction amongst different nation works in maintaining a global trade scenario. However, the international trade in itself is such a huge and complex procedure that to understand it requires a detailed study and research of the same References Gopinath, G., Helpman, E., Rogoff, K. (2014). Handbook of international economics (Vol. 4). Elsevier. Helpman, E., Razin, A. (2014). A theory of international trade under uncertainty. Academic Press. Mankiw, N. G. (2014). Essentials of economics. Cengage learning. Pigou, A. C. (2013). The economics of welfare. Palgrave Macmillan.

Ways in Which a Societys Expectations Affects Self and Societys Perceivedness of a Person

To understand and evaluate a society’s expectations of a person, the need to know what composes or constitutes a society arises. This evokes the question, what is a society? According to Sinclair and Helen, a society is described as consisting of people in a particular country who share a common past, or heritage and culture. They give an example of the United Kingdom, France and the United States being parts of British, French and American societies.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ways in Which a Society’s Expectations Affects Self and Society’s Perceivedness of a Person specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are within each society diverse and distinct communities, which people belong to (Sinclair Grant 7). In this regard, in a society, a complex relationship exists among people of different stereotypes categorized into racial, ethnic, societal class and gender (Andersen Taylor 276). A s ociety’s expectations in this context would imply what people who share common characteristics expect from each other. This article attempts to explore ways in which a society’s expectations of a person based on the above stereotypes, affects how the society perceives them and how they perceive themselves. Gender and Society’s Expectations Beginning with gender stereotypes, that is, those based on an individual’s gender, there are different perceptions regarding both genders. Among women, the stereotypes are expected to be more negative than those about men. In various societies, the typical woman has been referred to as subservient. This means that their usefulness is regarded as inferior compared to men. Other traditional stereotypes about women include; overly-emotional, talkative, incompetence at math and science and flighty. These are mostly cultural, and such stereotypes have been conveyed by various media fraternities e.g. newspapers, magazines and broadcasts. As a result, women have become in certain instances, very prone to hysteria. Men on the other hand, though their portrayal is less negative than in women, are painted and portrayed as too macho, hardheaded, insensitive and generally only interested in having sex. The society perceives women to be incompetent, especially in developing countries, and as a result there exists lack of support for women. This is also evident in advanced states where due to low fertility and low levels of gender equality, the efforts to relate employment and childrearing among women lacks support and is neglected by the society. In this regard, men are viewed as the sole breadwinner of the family, thus the retention of gender oriented responsibilities and obligations within a family (McDonald 427). For instance, in United States, amendments to the Income Tax Act ensure that the income tax office personnel communicate only with the male counterpart, even on matters involving the wife. Examinat ions in schools show that boys are no more intelligent than girls.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The society has, in so speaking seen the light; and programs that were previously offered to boys only are now being offered to girls too. As a result, women now perceive themselves as equally intelligent and capable as their male counterparts. Social Class and Society’s Expectations A person’s social class status is another tool which a society uses to portray and rate levels of expectations of a person. Social class stereotypes are categorized into; Low class people, middle and working class people and upper class people. The society perceives low class people as incapable of improving themselves. The society expects them to live in unsanitary conditions; living in slums and being unproductive. Such people feel demoralized and neglected, and as a result growth in su ch cases is minimal. Middle class people are stereotyped as being overly ambitious and obsessive. Unmotivated and lazy, this is how the upper and middle class people perceive working class individuals. The upper class individuals also perceive the lower class individuals as violent, dirty and incompetent. The upper class people are considered as condescending, snooty and phony. Expectations therefore differ accordingly, and upper class individuals are expected to bring more to the table than the rest. Therefore, the lower class individuals feel left out and demoralized, middle and working class individuals feel less important, while the upper class individuals feel like the world rests on their palms. Race and Ethnicity and Society’s Expectations In the past centuries, Africans in European and American countries were perceived as inherently lazy. The ill thought of people of a certain ethnic group without any regards is called ethnic prejudice. Most individuals disavow ethnic prejudice, yet most societies carry some prejudices. Racial-ethnic prejudice occurs when for example, an American dislikes an African only because of the color of their skin. This kind of prejudice is brought about by the belief that one’s group is superior to all other groups, and this is called Ethnocentrism. Research show that such prejudice is learnt from all levels of socialization; from primary to tertiary. For many years, Africans, African Americans, Hispanics and Asians were presented in the media only in negative stereotyped roles. Chinese were perceived as buffoons, Japanese as untrustworthy, Hispanics as ruthless and the black person portrayed as subservient and lazy. The society’s expectations then for such ethnic groups were of a negative nature. The worldwide disapproval of such ethnic groups led to poor and slow growth among the people. In the past, racial differences have been used to justify and legitimate prejudice and discrimination. According to Ho ward and Michael, the terms such as race were no longer used and instead the use of the term ethnicity was more frequent (48).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Ways in Which a Society’s Expectations Affects Self and Society’s Perceivedness of a Person specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The use of ethnicity is now embraced in place of race. Ethnicity in the advanced countries is now perceived as cultural difference- the way people dress, political views and the like. Discrimination based on racial-ethnic prejudice has been in the form of; income discrimination, discrimination in education, housing discrimination and discrimination in employment and promotion. Attempts by studies, public and international organizations, such us the United Nations, to reduce the effects of discriminations have been successful in many countries like the United States of America. For example, under U.S. law, housing discri mination is illegal. Since the 1950s, overt racism has declined significantly though it has not completely disappeared. Aversive racism has remained and is quite common in many societies. Overt racism involves physical assaults while aversive racism involves avoiding interactions. Conclusion Many of a society’s beliefs and expectations are now going counter to traditions and nature. Homosexuality, which was traditionally forbidden by the society and illegal, is now in many countries, legalized and accepted by the society. Intersex change, which was unimaginable in the past, is now being conducted and many societies are learning to accept it. To go beyond our society’s expectations is dangerous as we are referred to as odd. For example, being an atheist is against the norms of a certain society and such people are viewed as traitors. The principle of stereotype interchangeability therefore holds from one social class to another, from one racial group to another and from one gender to another, and also from a social class to a gender, from a racial group to a gender. Works Cited Andersen Margaret L., Taylor Howard F. Understanding a Diverse Society. Belmont, CA: Cengage Learning Press, 2005. Print. Grant Helen, Sinclair Stephen., Sinclair P. Stephen. People in society: modern studies. Cheltenham, UK: Nelson Thornes Press, 2003. Print.Advertising Looking for essay on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Howard Winant and Michael Omi. Racial Formation in the United States. New York: Routledge, 1994. Print. McDonald, Peter. Gender Equity in Theories of Fertility Transition. Population and Development Review. Vol 26, Issue 3, pages 427-439, 2004. Print. This essay on Ways in Which a Society’s Expectations Affects Self and Society’s Perceivedness of a Person was written and submitted by user Averie W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Psychology Essays

Psychology Essays Psychology Essay Psychology Essay Discussions Name: Course: Date: Chattel 1950 A sentiment structure is deeper, more widely ramifying in the personality, usually established earlier, and accompanied in its function by more emotion Chattel, 1946. It is an environmental-mold source trait because it derives from external social and physical influences. A sentiment is a pattern of learned attitudes that focuses on an important aspect of life, such as persons community, spouse, occupation, religion, or hobby. Attitudes An attitude is more transient and emotionally more superficial. It arises from the impact of a sentiment upon a particular situation Chattel, 1946. Chattel defined attitudes as our interests in our and our emotions and behaviors toward some person, object, or event. As Chattel applied the term, it does not refer exclusively to an opinion for or against something, which is a commonplace usage of the word attitude. Substantiations that within the personality some elements subsidiaries, or are subordinate to, other elements. Attitudes are subsidiary to sentiments; sentiments are subsidiary to ergs. These relationships are expressed by Chattel in what he called the dynamic lattice. Schultz and Schultz 2005 Dynamic Lattice Our motivating forces, the ergs are listed at the right. Sentiments are indicated in the circles at the center of the diagram. Note that each sentiment is subsidiary to one or more ergs. The attitudes, at the left show the persons feelings and behaviors toward an object. Chattels Approach to Personality Traits Traits -TO Chattel, traits are reaction tendencies, derived by the method Of factor analysis, that are rel atively permanent parts of the personality. Common Traits possessed in some degree by all persons. Unique traits Traits possessed by one or a few persons. Us reface traits Traits that show a correlation but do not constitute a factor because they are not determined by a single source. Source traits Stable, permanent traits that are the basic factors of personality, derived by the method of factor analysis. Source traits are classified by their origin as either constitutional traits or environmental mold traits. Constitutional Traits Source traits that depend on our physiological characteristics. Environmental- mold traits Source traits that are learned from social and environmental interactions. Source Traits: The Basic Factors of Personality After more than two decades of intensive factor-analytic research, Chattel identified 16 source traits as the basic factors of personality (Chattel, 1965). These factors are best known in the form in which they are most often used, in an objective personality test called the Sixteen Personality Factor (16 PR) Questionnaire According to trait theory, human personality is composed of a number of broad traits or dispositions. Raymond Chattel was able to use a statistical technique known as factor analysis to identify traits that are related to one another. By doing this, he was able to reduce his list to 16 key personality factors. There is a continuum of personality traits. In other words, each person contains all of these 1 6 traits to a certain degree, but they might be high in some traits and low in others. The following personality trait list describes some of the descriptive terms used for each of the 1 6 personality emissions described by Chattel. 16 Personality Factors (1 APP) HIGH SCORES LOW SCORES Stages of Personality Development Chattel proposed six stages in the development of personality covering the entire life span. Stage Age Development Infancy Birth-?engaging; toilet training formation Of ego, superego, and social attitudes Childhood- 6-14 Independence from parents and identification with peers Adolescence 14-23 Conflicts about independence, self-assertion, and sex Maturity 23-?50 Satisfaction with career, ma ridge, and family Late maturity-50-65 Personality changes in response to physical ND social circumstances Old age 65 Adjustment to loss of friends, career, and status Trait Approach STRENGTHS It supports the general image in the society that leaders are a special kind of people who can do extraordinary things. People have a need to see their leaders as gifted people, and the trait approach fulfills this need. WA second strength is that the trait approach has a long research tradition and a significant body of research data that support this approach. V The trait approach focuses only on the leader and analysis very thoroughly this component in the leadership process. The trait approach has given us mom benchmarks for what we need to look for if we want to be leaders. V Descriptive emphasis; assessment; intuitively appealing; involves a lot of research; provides a Way to evaluate attributes Elapsing why many characteristics of people do not change and it allows you to predict some behavior with fair accuracy. The approach is very scientific and has greatly influenced psychology. WEAKNESSES Lack of explanation; measurement of traits is difficult; ignores situational factors; poor reliability due to ones constant change in behavior LAP That in its purest theoretical form it doesnt permit much change and it appears stagnant.

An Argument in Favor of Using School Funding to Promote Social Studies Instead of Improving Food Service

An Argument in Favor of Using School Funding to Promote Social Studies Instead of Improving Food Service Should school funding be used for promoting social studies or improving food service? There is a famous Korean saying, â€Å"Money doesn’t grow off a tree.† This is a common saying that I have heard all throughout my life from my grandfather. He wanted me to know that people should use their money wisely. Therefore, I believe that school funding should be used for promoting social studies instead of improving food service for the following reasons: occupation and education. To begin with, the promotion of social studies would give students a head start in getting a high-paying job in the future. For instance, my best friend Tony is attending a school where all the funding is spent on providing social studies book for the students. After this policy came into place, the graduates had expressed that the social studies had helped them with their job interviews. These classes also gave the companies the idea that students had a better understanding of the society around them. On the other hand, my sister goes to a school where the entire fund is spent toward improving food service. Because the emphasis is towards food facilities instead of education the students became only enthusiastic in looking forwards to lunch sessions. My sister complains because, she should be learning more about the society so she can get into a better university. She claims that this will help her attain her dream job as a diplomat. Furthermore, spending the school fund on social studies would provide a better education for the students. For example, after my school began getting a fund from the government, we spent the money on hiring the most well- educated teacher from the entire world. This has given our students the opportunity to work with the best teacher and gave up new education opportunities. However, before our school was funded none of the students could keep up with the classes because our social studies teacher was actually an economics professor. Funding helped establish classes for the respective subjects, such as ethics, macroeconomics, geography, that are subordinate in the general social studies subject. Because the general objective of a school is to provide a decent education for students, doing this will make the school superior and true to the idea of a school. Therefore it would open educational opportunities for students if the school were inclined to spend their funding on promoting soc ial studies. Therefore, I believe education and occupation are the reasons I think that the school should spend funding on promoting social studies. There are some people who say that funding for food services would permit the students to keep a healthier diet. However, this is not the role of a school, and it is best for schools to stick to education. Think of the basic roles of whatever should be done, and spend your money wisely.

Homework 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Homework 2 - Essay Example to day communications among all team members of the project to come up with various creative ideas on how to develop the software according to their goals and preferences of the organization. They recognize that customers can always change their minds about what they want. The scrum master enables the organization to use scrum effectively. They act as an intermediary between the development team and any distracters. They ensure that the scrum process is used as intended because they are the enforcer of the rules of scrum. They chair any crucial meetings and challenge the team members to improve in their developments. There is no role manager in a scrum project since it is not required. All the traditional roles that belong to a project manager have been carefully divided into three scrum roles and reassigned to the developmental team and product owner rather than to the scrum master. Conducting scrum project with a project manager results into conflicting responsibilities, unclear results authority (Rubin

Nightingale Scholarship Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Nightingale Scholarship - Personal Statement Example onely who need someone to attend to their needs, such as the paralytic who cannot move on their own, or the elderly who suffer from arthritis, thus cannot move about. I have a personal inspiration to become a nurse because of my caring and compassionate heart. this humanitarian heart allows me to listen to sick people, as well as feel their pain in order to assist them to them recover from their illnesses My inspiration to become a nurse started developing when in was still in high school whereby I was an EMT. As such, I worked as a medical ambassador by taking good care of patients. It was during this time that I also learned how to conduct a CPR, how to treat patients, as well as how to undertake a number of first aid practices at UIC Medical Center. This ushered me into the world of medicine, and particularly in to nursing as I learnt how to care and attend to sick

Spring 2012 WOU Dance Concert Essay Example for Free

Spring 2012 WOU Dance Concert Essay Attending the Spring Dance concert was a fun learning experience. I am glad that this was a required assignment for this dance class because if it was not required I am sure I would not have attended . The variety of dances have taught me different things, and one of them is that you do not have to do complex moves in order to dance. The dance I have decided to write about is Voicing Acceptance choreographed my Nancy Sorensen. There are many reasons why I have chosen to do my paper on this specific dance. I will discuss how the sound or movement, lighting,movement and females/males contribute to the overall success of the dance piece. First, I will discuss the message of the dance piece and how the sound/music contribute to the achievement of dance piece . The dance was about students expressing their feelings towards dance. Each of them did a recording of them speaking and that recording was played at the While the recording was playing the student was dancing. I like the sound and music because it supported the dance. The dance just as the music and sound was soft and emotional. The students were really good at expressing the music and what they feel with facial expressions. For example some of them were smiling and some were serious. The dance piece supports the title because hey are voicing their personal opinion on why they are attracted to dance.As the sound was playindg there was a pattern I saw which was that every student would dance as their recording was playing. The lighting on stage made this dance piece be even better. The lighting during the dance was great. When everyone was dancing the light was constant. But, when a particular student was dancing they would use a spot light on him or her. I really liked the idea of putting a spot light on each student when their recording was playing, because we as the could identify the student. While the student was dancing the lights were pointed towards him/her. Their dancing was both imaginative and communicative. I think that it was imaginative because you hadhave to imagine what each movement was about, while at the same time was communicative, because they were telling the audience what they felt and they were also communicating through body language. For example, when a student was dancing he used his arms and it went well with the sound and music. The movement of their hands was soft and it was slow just like the music. The idea of incorporating females and males into the dance helped this dance piece be great. In the recording a student said that many people stereotype dance. They said that dance is only for females, but Voicing Acceptance proved that this is wrong, anyone can dance. Having females and males gave the dancers the opportunity to have a partner and together they were able to express what they felt. In conclusion, definitively my favorite dance was voicing acceptance by Nancy Sorensen. throughtout my paper I have explained why I think how the sound or movement, lighting,movement and females/males contribute to the overall success of the dance piece. Overall the dance concert was great. I got the opportunity to enjoy different types of dances. This dance made me really emotional. I loved the way each student expressed themselves; I was almost going to cry. I believe that one of the purposes of this dance was to get in the audiences heart and it really did.

teenage alcoholism :: essays research papers

Socraric Method The Socratic Method of philosophy is basically a series of question leading to an answer. In order for this method to work though, two conditions must be met. The first one is that the interlocutor has to say what he believes. The second is that the answers must be kept short. Here is a classic example of how this method works. It is a dialogue between Socrates and Euthyphro. The thesis is â€Å"What is dear to the gods is pious, what is not is impious.† Next Socrates gets Euthyphro to agree to the following points. The first point is that piety and impiety are opposite. The next point is that the gods are in a state of discord. The next is that they are in discord over what is just and what is unjust. They have no set unit to measure it by. The next point is that the different gods consider different things to be just and unjust. From there he goes on to agree that some things are both just and unjust. Finally, he agrees that some things can be both god loved and god hated. T he same things would then be both pious and impious according to the argument above. The way that this argument relates to the rest of the Euthyphro starts back at the beginning of the story. Socrates sees Euthyphro standing by the courthouse and naturally asks why he is there. Euthyphro explains that he is the prosecutor in a murder trial. It turns out that it is his father that he is prosecuting for the murder of a murderer. He laments to Socrates that his family and friends believe that his doing this is impious, but he believes that they are mistaken and this reveals their ignorance of piety. Since Socrates is Socrates, this naturally leads him to ask just exactly what piety is.

The Services Directive Proposal

Of   course   the   fundamental   freedoms   set   out   in   the   Treaty   of   European   Union   are   central   to   the   success   and   functioning   of   the   EU   Internal   Market.Two   of   these   were   of   great   importance   for   the   Internal   Market:   freedom   of   establishment   (Article   43)   and   the   freedom   to   provide   cross   border   services   (Article   49).   While   the   former   provides   access   for   operators   to   practice   their   economical   activities   in   one   or   more   Member   States,   the   latter   enables   an   operator   providing   services   in   a   Member   State   to   do   the   same   in   another   Member   State   temporarily   without   being   obliged   to   get   established   there.[1]   Obviously   these   have   legal   implications.â€Å"This   means,   in   practice,   that   Member   States   must   modify   national   laws   that   restrict   freedom   of   establishment,   or   the   freedom   to   provide   services,   and   are   therefore   incompatible   with   these   principles.This   includes   not   only   discriminatory   national   rules,   but   also   any   national   rules   which   are   indistinctly   applicable   to   domestic   and   foreign   operators   but   which   hinder   or   render   less   attractive   the   exercise   of   these   â€Å"fundamental   freedoms†,   in   particular   if   they   result   in   delays   or   additional   costs.†Ã‚   [2]The   Internal   Market   has   effected   a   number   of   real   benefits   particularly   in   some   sectors   and   generally   in   providing   employment   and   freedom   of   movement   for   operators.â€Å"Overall,   the   Internal   Market   has   resulted   in   real   benefits.   For   instance,   in   the   10   years   since   the   completion   of   the   first   Single   Market   programme   in   1993,   at   least   2.5   million   extra   jobs   have   been   created   as   a   result   of   the   removal   of   barriers.The   increase   in   wealth   attributable   to   the   Internal   Market   in   those   10   years   is   nearly   â‚ ¬900   billion;   on   average   about   â‚ ¬6000   per   family   in   the   EU.   Competition   has   increased   as   companies   find   new   markets   abroad.   Prices   have   converged   (in   many   cased   downwards)   and   the   range   a nd   quality   of   products   available   to   consumers   have   increased.†Ã‚   [3]Later   in   1992   Jacque   Delor   proposed   and   implemented   a   programme   aimed   at   creating   a   single   market   by   eliminating   non-tariff   barriers   to   goods   trading.   Although   the   programme   has   been   beneficial   but   it   leaves   room   for   substantial   progress   in   order   that   services   can   be   offered   across   borders   smoothly.[4]In   2002   EU   commission   studied   the   numerous   barriers   that   affect   the   flow   of   services   across   the   borders   of   Europe.   It   was   found   that   these   barriers,   including   legal   restrictions,   difficulties   in   obtaining   the   required   authorisation   from   local   authorities,   an d   the   length   and   complexity   of   procedures,   made   it   almost   impossible   for   some   businesses   to   get   established   in   countries   other   than   their   origin.[5]However,   on   7   May   2003   the   European   Commission   implemented   its   Internal   Market   Strategy   for   the   period   of   2003-2006.â€Å"The   Strategy   concentrates   heavily   on   removing   many   of   the   barriers   that   prevent   businesses   in   the   services   sector   from   operating   across   Europe.   The   commission   views   improvements   in   this   sector   as   essential   to   meeting   the   targets   of   the   2000   Lisbon   package,   given   that   services   now   account   for   around   two-thirds   of   the   EU’s   GDP.†[6]The   Commission   als o   pointed   out   that   the   enforcement   of   EU   legislation   was   not   effective   in   a   way   that   it   itself   become   one   of   the   barriers.   Within   these   strategies   and   in   order   to   address   the   problem   of   removing   barriers   hindering   the   flow   of   services   within   the   Member   States,   the   Commission   proposed   a   Service   Directive   aimed   at   enabling   service   providers   of   the   Member   States   to   establish   themselves   and   provide   services   in   States   other   than   they   originally   come   from.In   January   2004   Frits   Bolkestein,   the   European   Commissioner   for   Internal   Market   at   the   time,   proposed   a   draft   of   the   Directive   on   services   in   the   Internalà ‚   Market;   today   commonly   referred   to   as   ‘Bolkestein   Directive’.[7]   The   Services   Directive   by   removing   all   the   barriers   hindering   the   movement   and   establishment   of   service   providers   with   the   EU   Member   States,   is   expected   to   â€Å"create   jobs,   boost   economic   growth   and   increase   quality   and   choice   for   consumers.†Ã¢â‚¬Å"The   consultants   Copenhagen   Economics   have   predicted   a   0.3%   rise   in   GDP   and   a   0.7%   increase   in   employment.   The   European   Commission's   estimates   point   to   a   1.8%   increase   in   GDP   and   2.5   million   new   jobs.†[8]Yet   the   Service   Directive   was   not   well   received.   Although   it   was   adopted   for   first   reading   in   February   2004,   opposition   in   different   countries   were   pronounced.   Countries   with   high   standard   of   social   protection   expressed   fear   from   the   consequences   of   cheaper   competition   from   the   foreign   market.â€Å"Some   countries   and   trade   unions   feared   this   would   lead   to   a   â€Å"race   to   the   bottom†,   with   firms   relocating   to   countries   with   lower   wages   and   the   weakest   consumer,   environmental   protection,   employment   and   health   and   safety   rules.†[9]Yet   the   most   disagreed   point   was   that   of   â€Å"country   of   origin   principle†Ã‚   which   allows   services   providers   to   operate   in   another   country   while   being   obliged   to   abide   only   by   the   laws   of   the   country   of   origin.[1]  Ã‚  Ã‚   EU   Single   Market:   General   Principles   available   at:   http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/services/principles_en.htm   accessed   on   15   January   2007 [2]   EU   Single   Market:   General   Principles   available   at:   http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/services/principles_en.htm   accessed   on   15   January   2007 [3]A   Single   Market   for   Services   available   at:   http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/top_layer/index_19_en.htm   accessed   on   15   January   2007[4]   Can   Europe   Deliver   –   Research   by   Paul   Stephenson   –   Edited   by   Neil   O’Brien   (2006)   available   at:   http://www.openeurope.org.uk/research/services.pdf   accessed   on   15   January   2007 [5]   Can   Europe   Deliver   –   Research   by   Paul   Stephenson   –   Edited   by   Neil   O’Brien   (2006)   available   at:   http://www.openeurope.org.uk/research/services.pdf[6]   Services   Directive   background   available   at   :   http://www.smallbusinesseurope.org/en/basic_background319.htm   accessed   on   15   January   2007 [7]Directive   on   services   in   the   internal   market   –   From   Wikipedia,   the   free   encyclopedia   available   at:   http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Directive_on_Service_in_the_Internal_market#column-one   accessed   on   15   January   2007[8]   Q&A:   Services   Directive,   Available   at:   http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4698524.stm   accessed   on   15   January   2007 [9]   Q&A:   Services   Directive,   Available   at:   http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/4698524.stm   accessed   on   15   January   2007

How the Existence of Firms Shows That There Are Imperfections in the Market Essay

Introduction In 1776 moral philosopher and father of modern economy published his book â€Å"The Wealth of Nations† which singlehandedly changed the way we looked at political economy. The book, which was Adam Smith’s essay originally explaining why some nations are wealthier and more flourished than others, featured a few key insights. One of the most important ideas of the book was what he mentioned as the â€Å"invisible hand† of the economy, stating that market mechanism is perfect and there is no need for an outside intervention for it to function effectively. In his 1982 article â€Å"No need for morality: The Case of Competitive Market†, David Gauthier states that in a â€Å"perfect† market outside intervention will in turn adversely affect the market. However, to contradict this idea, Ronald Coase, in his influential essay â€Å"The Nature of the Firm†, suggested the idea that the existence of firm itself proves that the market mechanism is not perfect. In this paper, I am going to describe what Gauthier meant by a â€Å"perfect† market, how the existence of firm proves that there are imperfections in the market and an evaluation of both the theories. What is Gauthier’s idea of a â€Å"perfect† market? In his paper article â€Å"No need for morality: The Case of Competitive Market†, Gauthier describes the perfect market as having the following criteria: 1. Individual Endowment and Private Goods In the perfect market, the market is comprised of individual buyers and sellers, and they are all seeking to maximize their own utility. Goods are privately owned, hence ownership is fairly simple and direct. 2. Free market activity, mutual unconcern and the absence of externalities Individual buyers and sellers are free to make their own decisions and they will try to maximize their utility, regardless of the other party or parties’ concern. There are no external factors that can affect the market mechanism 3. Market is perfectly competitive and operating at an equilibrium This means that in the market after a transaction individual gain is assured, in that each can do as well as he/she can, given the other parties actions. Also, in an equilibrium, no one can be better off without someone else being worse off. (Gauthier 1982) Gauthier states that the buyers and sellers in a perfectly competitive market are rational and utility maximizing. Individuals are fully capable of maximizing gain and welfare through the market mechanism without the existence of firms or regulatory bodies. Imagine a rice market where individual sellers set up stalls for individual buyers to buy without the requirement of an outside intervention, that would be a perfectly competitive market. How does the existence of firms prove that the market is not perfect? In his paper Nature of the Firm, Ronald Coase addresses questions such as â€Å"Why do firms exist?† and â€Å"Why isn’t everything done by the market?† In his article he states how imperfections in the market lead individuals to form companies rather than trading bilaterally through short term contracts in the market. The central premise of his theory was that firms exist simply because transactions are cheaper when carried out internally (i.e. within a firm) rather than externally (Coase, 1937). He states that trading bilaterally in the market can impose a great deal of transaction costs, such as hiring workers, negotiating prices and forming short term contracts. Therefore a firm is a device or a nexus of long term contracts under a manager/entrepreneur who brings all the resources together under one roof. The main contrast between Gauthier’s market mechanism and Coase’s firms is that, individuals find is cheaper and more effective work in a hierarchical structure by forming a firm, rather than trading directly in the market. Ronald Coase quotes D.H. Robertson to provide an analogy for the existence of firms: â€Å"Islands of conscious power in this ocean of unconscious co-operation like lumps of butter coagulating in a pail of buttermilk.† Here, firms are the islands of conscious power, and the market is the ocean of unconscious co-operation, provides a good comparison for the two different mechanism. According to Gauthier’s, the utility maximizing buyers and sellers can individually profit more through operating directly through the market without the need for a hierarchical firm. In reality, the market is imperfect (i.e. utility cannot be maximized individually) and firms are the answer to these imperfections. Evaluation Gauthier’s view was not to prove that the market is perfect, but that if there was such a perfect market there would be no need for regulatory bodies or moral constraints. â€Å"Our concern is to show that morality has no place in an ideal context of interaction, not to claim that this ideal has direct practical application†, writes Gauthier. So his paper states the needlessness of morality in a perfectly competitive market, which does not exist in reality. Modern market is comprised of large corporations, which in turn disproves the idea that the market is not as perfect as Smith thought it to be. Adam Smith’s approach was to provide a simplistic answer to inefficient government intervention and bureaucracies, and to this day globalization, free market and specialization have been key to the success of our economy. Both Adam Smith’s and Ronald Coase’s literature have been put to question throughout, and their theories have been refined to meet the expectations of modern economics. However, their theories lay the fundamental groundwork for modern economic theory. The 2008 financial market crash is a great example of a situation where Smith’s â€Å"invisible hand† failed to protect the society’s welfare, where a handful of Wall Street investment firms fraudulently sold billions of dollars of worth securities to its clients, that lost its value overnight. The need for morality and external regulatory bodies, the existence of firms and modern corporate culture disproves the idea that the market is perfect. Bibliography Coase, Ronald. 1937. â€Å"The Nature of the Firm,† Economica, 4: 386-405 Gauthier, David. 1982. â€Å"No Need for Morality: The Case of the Competitive Market†. Philosophic Exchange, 3: 41-54

Historical and ethnographical study of rastafari religion

Historical and ethnographical study of rastafari religion The Rastafari people are a group of (primarily) men that originated in Jamaica, especially in and around Kingston, who believe in being repatriated to a designated homeland in Africa. Through their reinterpretation of the bible, an ascetic-leaning lifestyle, and heavy influence of previous Revivalist religions and African Myal traditions, they have carved a religion that is worldly, conscientious, and , now, world renouned. Icons such as Bob Marley, spliffs, their red, gold, and green flag, and their memorable accent make these people very interesting to listen to, and definitely assist in disseminating their belief structure throughout the world. In this paper I will briefly discuss their history, both ancient and modern, their belief structures, theological and material, and current and future trends in the movement today.Being the offspring of a revivalist religious movement in Jamaica in the 1930's, there is the obvious root tracing of the slave owner's Christian religion and the traditional African religion the slaves took with them from their homeland.English: 20 Jamaican dollars from 2000.In this case it is the Myal religion. They placed a large focus on the divination and local spirits in this religion and it carried over in the African religious interpretation of the imposed bible. The Christian focus was always on Jesus, while the Myal influence made the African slaves more focused on the Holy Spirit. They even placed John the Baptist over Jesus because it was John who brought Jesus to spiritual maturity through his baptism. Likewise this placed the focus of Christianity not on the orthodoxy, or knowledge of the religion, but the orthopraxy, the actual feeling and experience of the religion.Following a period of nearly 50 years of post-slavery Revivalism, particularly Zion and Pukumina, efforts in Jamaica, some of the adherents were growing tired of the obeah, or the carried over mysticism.

American Express Swot Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

American Express Swot Analysis - Essay Example From there on the company focused on global expansion and gradually became popular for its financial products like the charge card. (â€Å"Our History†, 2009). In the present era American Express is one of the payments company with world wide presence and is also a well known brand in the financial world. The brand is built on the values such as trust, quality, security, integrity and superior customer services. (â€Å"Our History†, 2009). Since the year 1850 American Express as a company has followed and conducted their business operation based on several guidelines and value propositions. The company’s core value is customer commitment. The company focuses on gaining customer confidence through extensive relationship making programs. The primary and the main strength of the organization is their ability to diversify their operations also side by side generating revenues. As we look into the history of the firm we could observe that the company has strategically adapted several diversification policies which had made it possible for them to sustain in the market. The company started its operation as an express company is now among the top players in the financial market scenario. Product innovation wise also the company claims its advantage. The company launched its new holiday gift card which is unique in its name and design qualities celebrating Hispanic culture and providing gifts for Christmas Eve and the day itself, the New Years and also the three King’s Day. (â€Å"Celebrating Hispanic Culture with the Felicidades Holiday Gift Card†, 2009). This example does not only show the product variety and range that the company offers, but it also reveals the company’s focus on the large custome r base that it usually caters to. Time to time the company successfully delivers diversified products and services and expands its range with much authority in the global market.

Strategy, Policy and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Strategy, Policy and Law - Essay Example In last year November, President Obama placed an executive order that cautioned more than 4 million illegal immigrants from deportation. In addition, the order gave them the right to work in the US as long as they have children who are citizens. The order also extended the Obama’s 2012 DACA program that gave temporary work permits and legal status to undocumented immigrants who came to the US as children (Leinwand & Kelly, 2015). According to a Fugate, a FEMA administrator, the standoff over the funding is derailing the operation of DHS’s agencies. DHS might be shut down if there will be no budget in place before the February 27 deadline. An agency such as FEMA will halt its grants program that aids local governments and states pay for emergency programs and operations personnel. DHS might also be forced to lay off some of its employees in the same way it did in October 2013. If that happens, some of the crucial services people get will come to an end. The country will be at a compromised position to provide proof against external aggression (Leinwand & Kelly, 2015). Leinwand, D., & Kelly, E. (2015, February 6). Fugate: FEMA mission compromised by fight over budget. Retrieved February 11, 2015, from

Competency through an academic preparation Essay - 3

Competency through an academic preparation - Essay Example I believe that my genuine interest for the profession and the proven program of Gannon University would enable me to successfully complete the program. I have completed a degree in Business Administration from Arab Open University. I also have an experience working in the industrial sector and this made me appreciate the necessity of pursuing a degree in Engineering Management to better the prospect of my career and become one of the organization leaders of Operation department in the industrial sector. I am always ready to take risk and work hard. I keep a dynamic mind and always want to update my knowledge on my area of interest. I believe these qualities would contribute much to pursue my degree without much difficulty. There are many reasons why I believe I can do well in my studies. I am systematic in addition to being a hard worker. I do not procrastinate tasks for the next day and I am not daunted by challenging tasks. In fact, the more challenging the task, the more enthusiastic I become to resolve it. My previous professional experience can prove it. This attitude of mine in dealing tasks and studies made Jubail United Petrochemicals Company (SABICs Affiliate: one of the largest Petrochemicals company in the world) to offer me a comprehensive experience when I was acting as team leader in the Department of Operation. I was involved in the project construction, commission, start up, shut down, trouble shouting, turn around and catalyst replacement of a huge Ethylene Oxide / Ethylene Glycol plant. This experience trained me to lead, analyze various situations and also to cope with emergency scenarios. I also gained knowledge in technical, safety and basic engineering knowledge which I believe are helpful in my studies. Â  

Alcohol consumption Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Alcohol consumption - Literature review Example The personality factors of young people have an influence on the drinking motive. One of the reasons for motivating a young person to drink is anxiety. A person with anxiety most often has fear and feels difficulty in coping with lives. So they drink in order to ease their situation and get some relaxation. Anxiety can be due to many reasons like relationship problems, stress or illness. While drinking gives a soothing effect, the person may gain control over inner experience. According to ( Hardy,2011) In the study, which included a nationally representative sample of 34,653 American adults, 13% of the people who had consumed alcohol or drugs in the previous year said theyd done so to reduce their anxiety, fear, or panic about a situation. When people are young they have less ability to cope up with anxiety, fear and panic and hence they get motivated to consume alcohol. Social reasons are another motivation which induces alcohol consumption among young people. People across the culture drink alcohol for social or enhancement reasons as a sense of enjoyment. In many culture around people drink on festivals, rituals occasions, custom requisite and gatherings. In European and American culture drinking wine is a daily affair and youngsters get more inclined to drink alcohol at tender age. When young people gather for functions, party, festivals and on weekend they tend to join their friends who are drinking and often get motivated. So every gathering they get motivated to drink if some of the friends in the group are drinking and it slowly becomes a habit. As per Hoops( 2011, pg.135-142) â€Å"It is widely believed that peer pressure has many effects on students, particularity in the use of drugs and alcohol†. Young people also drink alcohol to enhance their personality. At young age people go through much transition on emotional and physical basis and alcohol is a way to give them emotional strength. Also young people think that drinking

American Dream Analysis In Literature English Literature Essay

American Dream Analysis In Literature English Literature Essay Millers Death of a Salesman and A raisin in the Sun presents the efforts and frustrations of a family in pursuit of the American Dream (Curtain 115). Dreams are the very different to each individual. Walter, the hero in A Raisin in the Sun is another Willy who struggles to realize his version of American Dream. In their attempts to achieve the Dream, Willy and Walter shows that they are common in some aspects. A social study by Alister Bull points out America may still think as the land of opportunity, but the chances of living a rags-to-riches life are a lot lower than elsewhere in the world(BBS). The American Dream is just illusion. It is illusions of chance for the future. Walter has high expectation of himself and he try out to succeed. Hansberry has stated that Walter Younger is an American more than he is anything else, he believes anyone can become anything he wants to be in the land of promise. He wants to quit his boring job. He works as a chauffeur for white. He wants to be successful businessman who runs his own business. As solid evidences of success, he wants to buy a Cadillac convertible and some real pearls for Ruth, big house with a garden for his family and opportunity to go to well known college in America for Travis(1537). For himself, he would like to drive a black Chrysler because Rich people dont have to be flashy(1538). Other common backgrounds of their dreams is the idea of being big, which they are obsess with. The word big is often used by Willy and his two sons: Willy tells around that working on a very big deal(1466). He believes his sons will end up big(1469). That is why Biff complains he has to be boss big shot in two weeks, to satisfy Willys dream. The idea of being big also use as important in the life of the Younger family. Walter follows the idea of being big: Big. Invest big, gamble big, hell lose big if you have to, you know what I mean(1525). When Walter finds out his son want to be a bus driver, he responses, A what? Man, that aint nothing to want to be! cause, man it aint big enough you know what I mean(1537). Waiters attitude echoes Willys emblematic motto:Start big and youll end big(1452). Other members of Walters family also reflex his attitude. Lena is most realistic character in the play, also has desire for something big, something high in her life: Lord, ever since I was a little girl, I always remembers people saying, Lena Lena Eggleston, you aims too high all the time.You needs to slow down and see life a little more like it is. Just slow down some Thats what they always used to say down home Lord, that Lena Eggleston is a high-minded thing: Shell get her due one day(1553). Lena seems to fulfill at least a part of her dream because she buys a decent house: I just seen my family falling apart todayWhen it gets like that in life you just got to do something different, push on out and do something bigger(1530).The characters desire to be big reflects emptiness of their dreams. They are confuse by the bright appearance of the American dream. Walter and Willy are not qualified to be big as they imagine because they have many weaknesses. First, they fail to understand the needs of education as the first major step to begin their search for the dream. Willys attitude toward education is well demonstrate when he teaches his sons: Bernard can get the best marks in school, yunderstand, but when he gets out in the business world, yunderstand, you are going to be five times ahead of him Thats why I thank Almighty God youre both built like Adonises. Because the man who makes an appearance in the business world, the man who creates personal interest, is the man who gets ahead, Be liked and you will never want. (1435). Willy believes that anyone can succeed by being well-liked or make an appearance in the business world, even without education. Walter also miss importance of education. He accuses George and Beneatha: I see you all the time with the books tucked under your arms going to your (British A a mimic) clahsses. And for what! What the hell you learning over there? Filling up your heads -(Counting off on his fingers) with the sociology and the psychology but they teaching you how to be a man? How to take over and run the world? They teaching you how to run a rubber plantation or a steel mill? New just to talk proper and read books and wear white shoes.(1525). He reproaches colleges produce only good-for-nothings. When he cannot understand the importance of education as meanings of dreams. Walter and Willy both try to achieve American dreams without efforts, both of them are immoral. Willy once encourages his son to steal materials to mend their stairs. Their crime is evidence of courage and spirit. He even asks Bernard to help Biff cheat on examination. Walter is also corrupted by materialism. He only counts being wealth and have power is important. It is somewhat meaningful for him to run liquor store, which Mama thinks immoral. Walter doesnt feel guilty when he decides to bribe the officials to get the license. They are immoral and also often blind to needs. Willy tries to kick out the woman he slept with in front of Biff. He try to cover his shameful situation. Willy tries to cut down Lindas talking whenever she tries to open her mouth, while he keeps interrupting Biffs talking. Walter says to Beneatha, go be a nurse like other women-or just get married and be quiet(1501). He does not care about Beneathas dream being sacrifice to satisfy his own. Willy and Walter share many weak points. Their dreams are closely related with their family, especially with their son. Willy and Walter differ by their family backgrounds. For Willy, he did not have any parental love: Dad left when I was such a baby and never had a chance to talk to him and I still feel-kind of temporary about myself(1445). In contrast, Walter has received full attention and love from his parents. Mama describes her husband as one who greatly love his children. One of the reasons Big Walters death was loss of his third child few years ago. Walter received love from his parents during his childhood led him to develop his strong sense of self-esteem, enabling him fully to accept American values and giving him the confidence to pursue his dream(Washington 115). Willy and Walter are in love for their children. Willy have commit his desire for parental love though pouring his affection, and through making himself idolize to his sons. Linda points out, Few men are idolized by their children the way you are(1437). He expects his sons to fulfill the dream. He knows he fails to achieve through being liked. Willy and Walters expectation for their sons can be combine by Mamas speech, Seem like God didnt see fit to give the black man nothing but dreams-but He did give us children to make them dreams seem worth while(1505). Their desire to fulfill dreams is basically for their sons. Their search for the dream is also influenced by their marital situation. Linda deeply understand partner. She told her sons: I dont say hes great man. Willy Loman never made a lot of money. His name was never in the paper. Hes not the finest character that ever lived. But hes a human being, and a terrible thing is happening to him. So attention must be paid Hes not to be allowed to fall into his grave like an old dog. Attention, attention must be finally paid to such a person(1447). At this point, it seems natural for Willy to exclaim:Youre my foundation and my support, Linda(1427). A closer examination of Lindas attitude toward Willy, she does not fully understand him. Willy returns from a sales trip. He brags that he made more than twelve hundred on the trip and Linda starts to calculate how much their net income will be. His brag is followed by the terrible confession that he made only two hundred gross on the trip. Linda replies,Well, it makes seventy dollars and some pennies. Thats very good.(1436). Linda talks cold rather than generosity to her husbands problems. Willy finds out other people laugh at him and he talks too much. When he admits the facts to Linda, he is revealing his true identity as a man of discouragement and failure. Linda fails to help him accept the truth, Oh dont be foolish You dont talk too much, youre just lively, Willy darling, youre the handsomest man in the world(1437). By sticking to illusion Willy try to implant. She avoids the painful moment, so she lose chance to help to accept the reality. Therefore, one cannot deny that there is a clear connection between her refusal to challenge those illusions and death (Bigsby, In Memoriam12). Ruth in A Raisin in the Sun understands the frustration of her husband, Walter. Unlike Willy he does not complain of his careless wife, Walter openly complains: Thats it. There you are. Man say to his woman: got me a dream. His woman say: Eat your eggs and go to work. (passionately now) Man say: I got to change my life, Im choking to death, baby! And his woman say-(In utter anguish as he brings his fists down on his thighs)-Your egg is getting cold!(1499). Facing Walters fault, Ruth try to help him: No. Mama, something is happening between Walter and me. I dont know what it is-but he needs something-something I cant give him any more. He needs this chance, Lena.(1504). She understands what Walter really craves for successful business. This is why she give the insurance money to Walter even though she knows she has nothing to do with the money. The relationship between Walter and Ruth reflex to Mama and Big Walter. Mama remembers Honey, Big Walter would come on here some nights back then and slump down on that couch there and just look at the rug, and look at me and look at the rug and then back at me and Id know he was down thenreally down(1505). Unlike Linda who keeps blind to her husbands problems, Mama understands Big Walters situation. Her suffering acquire from helplessness. She has to feel in front of her husbands frustration. Lena shows patience, understanding, selflessness and love toward her son as well as the husband. Willy and Walter soon find out that their dreams are doomed to failure. Willys frustration of his own failure also come from his son, Biffs. He already know about his own failure. I (Biff) never got anywhere because you (Willy)`stand taking orders from anybody! Thats whose fault it is!(1487). Biff has failed to get a stable and profitable job. He still earns only a dollar an hour. He has been imprisoned several times for the crime of theft. As a result of the failure, they are faced with painful awakening moment. When Willy realizes his dream disappear, he clings to another new illusion: He (Biff) will make it with their money. He believes that Biff will have a good chance to get ahead in the world, if he can leave life insurance money for Biff through suicide. When Walter finds money gone with the imposter, he accept the guilty money collected by the white neighbors of the new community to buy the Youngers off. At last moment, he changes his mind. Instead of receiving money, he declares to Mr. Lindner, We have decided to move into our house because my father-my father- he earned it(1558). Here, Walter achieves manhood, realizing that dignity is a quality of men, not bank accounts(Weales 529). In different reactions from each other, Willy and Walter still have something in common. Their desire to hand the world to his son in earnest way. For Willy, suicide is more than simple expression of illusion, it is an positive action to show dignity and meaning of his life. Walters spiritual growth is easily justified, considering his warm and strong affection for Travis. By rejecting Lindners offer in Traviss presence, he hands down not disgrace but pride and dignity to Travis, keeping the dream alive. Because of their dreams revealed, suspended, destroyed, and renewed again spring from the heroes concern for their families, both plays are domestic under the seemingly social context.

Integration - Its Time for a Change Essay -- Current Events

Integration - It's Time for a Change Integration is definitely not working, or being used the way it was intended. Sure it's working in the sense that the schools are more diverse then when they were segregated, but integration is no where near where it should be and where it was intended to be. There are a few key points that demonstrate why integration isn't working like it should. The most obvious is the lack of integrations in a lot of schools, and the lack of diversity in our classes. Like we saw in the documentary, the schools are integrated, but the classes are segregated. Integration in some schools has led to tracking, which essentially is institutionalized racism- the opposite of what integration is for. Although we have programs like METCO, we don't have nearly enough. There isn't enough integration in our schools, and there isn't anything changing that. Programs that did have volunteer integration have been cancelled because of lack of funding, and support by the community and government. I think that districts themselves need to be more involved in tryi...

Case assignment

In order to prevent this state from continuing, the office of chief financial officer believes that $1 00 million SAID WOUld cover the risk enervated by low level of cash and liquid securities and guarantee for the bank's financial stability. Types of Risks The main risk faced by NAB from the low cash level is liquidity risk, and there are two risks derived from liquidity risk: contagion risk and funding risk. Liquidity risk refers to an DAD will have insufficient funds to meet its financial obligations when due.In fact, a low liquidity ratio in one bank could affect the entire system, in other words, it can lead to contagion risk that the payment system collapses as a result of default by ADDIS in general. Hence manage equity adequately could minimize serious problems arise in the future (Jasmine et a', 2012, IPPP). While the funding risk refers to an DAD is difficult to maintain sufficient funds to cover its loans. It is closely related to liquidity risk since failure to rollover l iabilities will result in a liquidity crisis for the AD'.Causes of The Risks There are several causes of the liquidity risk. A liquidity risk could arise due to the mismatch in the maturity of the bank's sources and uses of funds. The maturity mismatch is an imbalance between the average maturity of a ban? Assets and its liabilities. Observed by Agate (2009), approximately half of the funds in banking system are provided by deposits, and the majority of them are in transaction or saving accounts that could be withdrawn immediately. Ender this unreasonable liability structure, when customers withdraw a great deal of deposits, a liquidity risk can be caused. 2. An economic factor can influence the liquidity risk within ADDIS (Somalis, 2010). For example, during a crisis, lenders are likely to panic and cause a run on their DAD to withdraw their funds. On the other hand, a boom in the economic yes could also cause a liquidity risk because of active demands for investment in various ind ustries such as real estate, mining, etc.Most funds of these investments are from bank loans, which bring a credit risk (I. E. Borrower defaulting). Once the bank suffer a loss of its assets, the liquidity ratio will decrease thus increase the liquidity risk. 3. Monetary policy could affect the liquidity risk in a bank as well. For example, if the interest rate is expected to decrease in the future, customers will deposit now in order to decrease the loss of wealth. Meanwhile, bank loans will crease because customers will borrow money in the future due to low expected interest rate.However, when the interest rate is expected to increase in the future, firms' demand for loan will blow up, and customers is unwilling to save money now due to expected high interest rate in the future, hence cause a liquidity shortage which give rise to liquidity risk. Solution NAB is facing a serious condition now where the liquidity ratio is low. It has to come up with several strategies to manage the liquidity risk that is likely to cause a bank to bankruptcy. 1.The office of CROP believe that about $100 million ADD would solve the robber, because by holding this amount of cash, exchange settlement funds and liquid assets, it is able to maintain the liquidity when unexpected shortages of liquidity occur. Another method to manage liquidity risk is to balance asset and liability of the bank by matching the maturities. In order to do so, the bank deposits should be allocated in well-organized maturities assets. Hence, the demand for liquidity from the matured deposits could be fulfilled from the liquidity of the matured assets (Greenberg and Thacker, 1 995, Pl 72).

A character study of Mr. Darcy up until the end of Volume Two Essay

Mr. Darcy is not a titled nobleman, but he is one of the wealthiest members of the landed gentry, which is the same legal class that the Bennet family belongs to, even though they have much less money. He owns a very large estate in Derbyshire, called Pemberley, and he has a sister named Georgiana, who is more than ten years younger that he is. Mr. Darcy’s aunt is the very wealthy Lady Catherine de Bourgh and he is betrothed to her daughter, Anne. In the beginning of the novel Mr. Darcy is depicted as â€Å"clever,† but also â€Å"haughty, reserved, and fastidious.† When he first appears at the Meryton assembly with Mr. Bingley, he draws everyone’s attention by his, â€Å"fine, tall person, handsome features, noble mien,† and the fact that he has ten thousand pounds per year. However, only half the evening passes before he is â€Å"discovered to be proud, to be above his company,† and denounced as â€Å"having a most forbidding, disagreeable countenance.† We can see how socially inept Mr. Darcy is from the mere fact that he dances only two dances at the Meryton assembly, one with Mrs. Hurst and one with Miss Bingley, even though there is a shortage of male dance partners. He also refuses to be introduced to any other lady, and flatly refuses to dance with Elizabeth, saying, â€Å"she is tolerable, but not handsome enough to tempt me.† He does not even try to make a good impression, as we see where it says that his manners are â€Å"well-bred,† but â€Å"not inviting.† This shows that he is proud, because he does not care what people think of him, and he does not need to care because he is so rich. I also believe that Mr. Darcy’s lack of social graces shows a hint of laziness, in that he cannot be bothered to take the time or trouble to be agreeable, or make a good reputation for himself. However, Charlotte Lucas remarks, â€Å"One cannot wonder that so very fine a young man, with†¦everything in his favour, should think highly of himself†¦He has a right to be proud.† This assessment of Mr. Darcy, in my opinion, somewhat lessens his guilt, because it represents a perspective on wealth that must have been very common in nineteenth-century Britain. Mr. Darcy’s behaviour is certainly not ideal, but it was probably more acceptable then than it would be today. Mr. Darcy is also a great friend of Mr. Bingley’s, and Jane is told that among his friends he is â€Å"remarkably agreeable.† This would suggest that either he is very proud, or, as he says to Elizabeth, â€Å"I have not the talent which some people possess†¦of conversing easily with those I have never seen.† If he is so reserved because he truly has difficulty in conversing with people that he does not know well, his silence could easily be mistaken for pride, but I believe that it is probably due in part to both. We first see that Mr. Darcy is beginning to be attracted to Elizabeth on a visit to Netherfield, and his discovery of this attraction is described as â€Å"mortifying.† He does not want to be associated with someone with so little money, and yet he finds â€Å"her figure to be light and pleasing,† and her face to be â€Å"rendered uncommonly intelligent by the beautiful expression of her dark eyes.† When Elizabeth refuses to dance with Mr. Darcy, she only succeeds in further piquing his interest in her, as shown where it says, â€Å"her resistance had not injured her with the gentleman.† I suspect, from the way Caroline Bingley is always very arch and flirtatious around him, that he has had women chasing him most of his adult life, because of his wealth. Therefore, he must be intrigued by a woman such as Elizabeth who, for all his money, wants nothing to do with him. We begin to see that there is a stark contrast between Mr. Darcy’s curt statements in answer to Miss Bingley whilst writing to his sister, and the long responses he gives Elizabeth, which match her wit and intelligence. This shows how much he likes challenging and being challenged by her sharp mind. When she stays at Netherfieldd to look after Jane, she is relentlessly sharp in her talks with Mr. Darcy, and he finds himself increasingly â€Å"bewitched† by her, enough so that he begins â€Å"to feel the danger of paying Elizabeth too much attention.† During Elizabeth’s stay at Netherfield, we learn a little more about Mr. Darcy’s character. He likes to read, and has a large library at Pemberley. He must feel at least some affection for his sister because his letters â€Å"are generally long,† and in Miss Bingley’s estimation, â€Å"charming.† By making his letters long and carefully worded he shows that he both cares about Georgiana and takes his responsibility for her seriously. This contradicts Elizabeth’s and our perceptions of him as cold and unfeeling. Also, he states that he writes â€Å"rather slowly,† Miss Bingley comments that he writes evenly and Mr. Bingley says that he â€Å"does not write with ease. He studies too much for words of four syllables.† This implies that Mr. Darcy likes to think things through, even when choosing the right word to write. When Elizabeth is naming Mr. Darcy’s faults in order to laugh at him, she mentions vanity and pride, to which he replies, â€Å"Vanity is a weakness indeed. But†¦pride will be always under good regulation.† This is ironic because, in his case, pride is more a flaw than a good quality. However, he also admits that his â€Å"good opinion once lost is lost for ever.† By his own admission he is resentful, which Elizabeth finds to be true when Mr. Wickham tells her how ‘abominably’ Mr. Darcy treated him. The knowledge of his resentfulness also serves to make us dislike him even more. Mr. Wickham is very useful in giving us an impression of Mr. Darcy, whether true or not. In the first volume of the novel, after Mr. Wickham’s story about Mr. Darcy refusing to acknowledge his father’s wishes, and thus impoverishing Mr. Wickham, we see Mr. Darcy as dishonourable, dishonest and resentful. Our prejudice against him is so strong that we accept anything Mr. Wickham says at face value. Mr. Darcy’s ‘abominable’ treatment of Mr. Wickham is one of the reasons that Elizabeth refuses to accept his proposal; it reinforces her opinion of him and proves that he really is too proud. At the Netherfield ball, when Sir William Lucas hints at a â€Å"certain desirable event† taking place, meaning the expected marriage of Jane and Mr. Bingley, Mr. Darcy appears very surprised and worried at the thought. He obviously does not want Mr. Bingley to marry beneath himself, and we later learn from Colonel Fitzwilliam that Mr. Darcy is very pleased with himself for â€Å"having lately saved a friend from†¦a most imprudent marriage.† Mr. Darcy has no right to meddle in the romantic affairs of Jane and Mr. Bingley, and to be so determined that he confiscates Jane’s letters to Mr. Bingley is not something to be easily forgiven. What makes us dislike him even more is that when he proposes to Elizabeth he does not feel any remorse for his actions, and even declares, â€Å"I rejoice in my success.† This shows hypocrisy because he separates Jane and Mr. Bingley on financial grounds, which he has no right to do, and then asks Elizabeth to marry him, even though she is in the same situation as Jane. Mr. Darcy’s proposal to Elizabeth is, in itself, filled with pride and is focused on the negative aspects of the match rather than his love for her. His mode of proposal somewhat resembles the condescending airs of Mr. Collins when he proposes. It does not seem to have occurred to him that Elizabeth might refuse him, as we see where it says, â€Å"his countenance expressed real security.† This proves how proud and arrogant he is, because he believes that if she does not marry him for love, she will marry him for money because she will never receive a ‘better’ offer. He even tells Elizabeth that he likes her against his â€Å"will,†¦reason, and†¦character,† which are hurtful remarks and imply that he does not want to love her but cannot help himself. Mr. Darcy is â€Å"wholly unmoved by any feeling of remorse† for having separated Mr. Bingley from Jane and even says, â€Å"I rejoice in my success.† It is obvious from this cold remark that he has little regard for the feelings of others, which is further emphasised when he seemingly does not care about Mr. Wickham’s condition in life. He says, â€Å"Yes, his misfortunes have been great indeed,† which sounds unfeeling, contemptuous and sarcastic. Mr. Darcy seems to feel the need to justify his feelings for her but also to tell her that he does not want to have those feelings. He is certainly honest, but perhaps a little too honest, and not at all tactful, as we see where he says, â€Å"Could you expect me to rejoice in the inferiority of your connections?† He seems to be intent on laying before Elizabeth everything that is not ideal about her family and connections, which is probably not the best way to make her love him. Mr. Darcy’s letter to Elizabeth, however, shows us just how mistaken and prejudiced against him we really are. Firstly, it lists his reasons for separating Jane and Mr. Bingley. He admits that he did not want them to marry, but he did â€Å"not believe her heart was likely to be easily touched.† He did not think that Jane really did love his friend, and although it was not right of him to intervene, he did not believe that there was enough love to outweigh the material disadvantages of marrying Jane. I also believe that, had Jane been more open about her feelings, and had Mr. Bingley perhaps been more persistent and not allowed himself to be manipulated by Mr. Darcy, the situation would not have arisen. We are also very conscious of â€Å"that total want of propriety† so often shown by many members of the Bennet family – it was very obvious at the Netherfield ball, and Mr. Darcy cannot really be blamed for being appalled by it. That sort of behaviour was not acceptable and those who exhibited it were shunned. If Mr. Darcy married Elizabeth, he would have to put up with having them as in-laws. This shows that Mr. Darcy is proud, but one cannot expect him to want to associate with a family who act disgracefully in public. However, it is also very plausible that he is not as proud as we think, because, despite this, he still wants to marry Elizabeth, which is a circumstance that I do not believe was very common back then. Mr. Darcy’s contempt for Mr. Wickham is also wholly justified, and we learn that he was very tolerant and did do his best to carry out his father’s wishes, even though Mr. Wickham was unworthy of such treatment. This proves that he is honourable, and it is he who has been treated unjustly by Mr. Wickham, when he tried to elope with Georgiana. She told Mr. Darcy of the plan, because she could not â€Å"support the idea of grieving and offending a brother whom she almost looked up to as a father.† Georgiana must have a very strong attachment to Mr. Darcy, because otherwise she would not have done this, so he must be a very kind brother. I believe that although Mr. Darcy is portrayed as proud, critical, arrogant, brutally honest, and may not have the conversational skills that some people do, we are too prejudiced at the beginning of the novel to see his good qualities beneath all of his pride. The letter to Elizabeth provides us with valuable insights into Mr. Darcy’s mind and personality. When we see the letter we realise that most of his actions were justified, and despite his social ineptitude and the occasional error in judgement, he is altogether a good man.